{"product_id":"italia-antica-g-mcassini-1800","title":"Ancient Italy - G. M. Cassini 1800","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAncient Italy by G. M. Cassini - 1800\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe graphic representation of the Earth's shape dates back many centuries, despite mankind’s scarce geographical knowledge, limited mastery of mathematical and geometric equations, and the lack of accurate measuring instruments. All these factors made even attempting to create cartographic representations extremely difficult. The first sketches arose from the concrete need to know and precede the use of writing: they are schematic representations of clear planimetric details, suitable for finding an already known itinerary. Similar tools, proportional to the limited needs and constraints in which primitive peoples lived, slowly gave way to increasingly expressive descriptions, and as horizons expanded along with human knowledge and needs, the development of more stable means of measurement and representation became indispensable. From small, delimited areas to the representation of vast territories, up to the global depiction of the entire Earth's surface. The irrational and primitive cartography of the Middle Ages was superseded by the spread of Ptolemy's Geography, favored by the invention of the printing press (1446).\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eWhile analyzing and describing the parts of the Earth known at the time, this work also defined its general foundation and the system for logically expanding the representation of the Earth, thanks to the most recent geographical discoveries. By the end of the 15th century, the concept of the Earth's sphericity was well accepted by the most important figures of the era, in addition to having been demonstrated by the great sea voyages that took place after the discovery of the Americas.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eMore precise geographical corollaries and research into more efficient instrumental means were therefore developed. But it was only in the 18th century that the shape of the Earth was truly defined. After perfecting measuring instruments and obtaining an international organization of specialized studies and geodetic measurements, the creation of large national maps and cartographic representations embraced the world known to man.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe \u003cstrong\u003esmall Italy\u003c\/strong\u003e proposed here is a valid example of this. Its first publication dates back to \u003cstrong\u003e1800\u003c\/strong\u003e and it was printed in \u003cstrong\u003eRome\u003c\/strong\u003e at the Calcografia Camerale. The technique used to create this map is the same one employed by ancient cartographers: hand press, finely engraved plates, and \u003cstrong\u003epure cotton paper\u003c\/strong\u003e. The map is then mounted on cotton canvas, reflecting the manufacturing process frequently used in the past, as it was (and is) necessary to obtain the best possible preservation and guarantee easy shipping of the maps. Only the aging process is an operation our anonymous author would not have needed: it is carried out with a series of completely natural substances. Finally, the watercoloring gives the work a polychrome vision of undoubted scenic effect. All this work is carried out to produce an object capable of restoring the beauty and the historical and cultural value of the original, using the same materials and techniques of the past.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePlease note: the canvases are delivered unframed.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Zoffoli","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":64460903448953,"sku":"Z.000ITA-CASS","price":199.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1023\/0808\/6137\/files\/Italia_Antica_-_G.M._Cassini_1800_01.webp?v=1790081161","url":"https:\/\/www.zoffoliliving.com\/en\/products\/antique-italy-g-mcassini-1800","provider":"Zoffoli Mappamondi","version":"1.0","type":"link"}